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Impostos canadenses e salários

5/4/2015

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Federal tax rates for 2015

Alguns exemplos de salários:
Job Vagas Min/h Med/h Max/h Bruto Min Bruto Med Bruto Max Liq Min Liq Med Liq Max
Baker 350 10 12 20 19,200 23,040 38,400 $1,460 $1,700 $2,700
Hairdresser 270 10 13 20 19,200 24,960 38,400 $1,460 $1,800 $2,700
Personal trainer 670 10 16 25 19,200 30,700 48,000 $1,460 $2,200 $3,300
Administrative officers 540 14 21 34 26,880 40,320 65,280 $1,900 $2,800 $4,300
Drafting Technicians 260 16 25 40 30,720 48,000 76,800 $2,200 $3,300 $4,900
Pratical nurse 560 19 25 33 31,300 48,000 63,360 $2,600 $3,300 $4,100
Mechanical technician 400 17 29 46 32,640 55,680 88,320 $2,300 $3,700 $5,550
Accountant 1,200 17 29 52 32,640 55,680 99,840 $2,300 $3,700 $6,100
Paramedic 55 20 30 40 38,400 57,600 105,600 $2.700 $3,900 $5,000
Electronic & electrical technician 230 16 30 44 30,720 57,600 84,500 $2.200 $3,900 $5,300
Chiropractor 20 10 30 66 19,200 57,600 126,720 $1,460 $3,900 $7,400
Registered nurse 2,170 21 35 45 40,320 67,200 86,400 $2,800 $4,400 $5,500
Computer programmer 1,670 19 35 50 36,480 67,200 96,000 $2,600 $4,400 $5,900
Secondary Teacher 70 22 36 50 42,240 69,120 96,000 $3,000 $4,450 $5,900
Policeman Toronto 31 40 50 60,000 76,000 95,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000
Policeman Manitoba 26 33 47 54,000 68,800 97,000 $3,500 $4,300 $8,100
Chemical engineer 100 20 38 70 38,400 72,960 134,400 $2,700 $4,700 $7,900
Psychologist 70 20 40 55 38,400 76,800 105,600 $2,700 $5,000 $6,400
Computer manager 200 25 45 65 48,000 86,400 124,800 $3,300 $5,500 $7,300
Pharmacist 280 26 51 73 49,920 97,920 140,160 $3,400 $6,000 $8,000
Petroleum engineer 10 30 50 80 57,600 96,000 153,600 $3,800 $5,900 $9,000
(Vagas nacionais encontradas no Job Bank Canada em 24/02/15. Salário bruto considerado em uma jornada de 40 horas semanais ou 160 mensais. Líquido mensal descontado impostos de renda. Aproximações irregulares)
O que parece uma confusão, pode ser resumido pelo gráfico de 2014 acima. Ele mostra as províncias de British Columbia e Ontario como as duas menores e Alberta a terceira menor em imposto de renda provincial, excluindo os territórios setentrionais, 
Aqui há uma calculadora combinada de imposto de renda que mostra o custo para cada uma das províncias.
Aqui você confere se a profissão é regulada na província (depende de licença profissional para o exercício).
São três tipos de imposto de consumo:
  • PST: Provincial Sales Taxes, imposto provincial, varia
  • GST: Goods and Services Tax, imposto federal, sempre 5%
  • HST: Harmonized Sales Tax, imposto federal que é a combinação dos dois anteriores

Normalmente você paga os dois primeiros, o PST e GST. Em sete províncias, eles foram combinados no HST, recolhido federalmente que depois é ressarcido parcialmente à província
Province GST PST HST Total
Alberta 5 5%
British Columbia 5 7 12%
Manitoba 5 8 13%
New Brunswick 13 13%
Newfoundland and Labrador 13 13%
Nothwest Territories 5 5%
Nova Scotia 15 15%
Nunavut 5 5%
Ontario 13 13%
Prince Edward Island 14 14%
Quebec 5 9.975 15%
Saskatchewan 5 5 10%
Yukon 5 5%
O imposto de renda canadense é em algumas coisas parecido com o brasileiro. Você paga-o mensalmente e faz um ajuste anual, podendo vir a receber uma restituição. O diferencial é que existe o imposto federal e o provincial.
Quanto ao imposto de consumo, é semelhante ao norte americano pois só é exposto ao final da compra. Os preços são todos exibidos sem o imposto. Ao pagar, é como se você o pagasse separado.
15% on the first $44,701 of taxable income, +
22% on the next $44,700 of taxable income (on the portion of taxable income over $44,701 up to $89,401), +
26% on the next $49,185 of taxable income (on the portion of taxable income over $89,401 up to $138,586), +
29% of taxable income over $138,586.

Provincial/territorial tax rates


Newfoundland and Labrador
7.7% on the first $35,008 of taxable income, +
12.5% on the next $35,007, +
13.3% on the amount over $70,015
Prince Edward Island
9.8% on the first $31,984 of taxable income, +
13.8% on the next $31,985, +
16.7% on the amount over $63,969
Nova Scotia
8.79% on the first $29,590 of taxable income, +
14.95% on the next $29,590, +
16.67% on the next $33,820, +
17.5% on the next $57,000, +
21% on the amount over $150,000
New Brunswick
9.68% on the first $39,973 of taxable income, +
14.82% on the next $39,973, +
16.52% on the next $50,029, +
17.84% on the amount over $129,975
Quebec
Go to Income tax rates (Revenu Québec Web site)
Ontario
5.05% on the first $40,922 of taxable income, +
9.15% on the next $40,925, +
11.16% on the next $68,153, +
12.16% on the next $70,000, +
13.16 % on the amount over $220,000
Manitoba
10.8% on the first $31,000 of taxable income, +
12.75% on the next $36,000, +
17.4% on the amount over $67,000
Saskatchewan
11% on the first $44,028 of taxable income, +
13% on the next $81,767, +
15% on the amount over $125,795
Alberta
10% of taxable income
British Columbia
5.06% on the first $37,869 of taxable income, +
7.7% on the next $37,871, +
10.5% on the next $11,218, +
12.29% on the next $18,634, +
14.7% on the next $45,458, +
16.8% on the amount over $151,050
Yukon
7.04% on the first $44,701 of taxable income, +
9.68% on the next $44,700, +
11.44% on the next $49,185, +
12.76% on the amount over $138,586
Northwest Territories
5.9% on the first $40,484 of taxable income, +
8.6% on the next $40,487, +
12.2% on the next $50,670, +
14.05% on the amount over $131,641
Nunavut
4% on the first $42,622 of taxable income, +
7% on the next $42,621, +
9% on the next $53,343, +
11.5% on the amount over $138,586

Fontes:
Gráfico de impostos: http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/taxes/tax-season-2015-where-in-canada-do-you-pay-the-most-tax-1.2507059
Taxas para 2015: http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/tx/ndvdls/fq/txrts-eng.html
Calculadora 2016: http://www.ey.com/ca/en/services/tax/tax-calculators-2016-personal-tax
Regulamentação de profissões: https://www.cicic.ca/934/Search-the-Directory-of-Occupational-Profiles/index.canada
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